Sejam as matrizes A e I. Representando genericamente o determinante da matriz X por det (X), podemos dizer que os valores de t, satisfazem a igualdade det (tI - A) = 0 são?
matriz A =
|2 1|
|3 4|
matriz I =
|1 0|
|0 1|
sahreis:
o resultado da matriz A é 8, pois (2.4) - (3.1) = 8. logo o resultado da matriz I seria 0, pois (1.1) - (0.0) = 0
Soluções para a tarefa
Respondido por
2
Temos as seguintes matrizes:
![\mathbf{A}=\left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \mathbf{A}=\left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmathbf%7BA%7D%3D%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+2+%26amp%3B+1%5C%5C+3+%26amp%3B+4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%5C%5C+%5C%5C)
![\mathbf{I}=\left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 \end{array} \right] \mathbf{I}=\left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 \end{array} \right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmathbf%7BI%7D%3D%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+1+%26amp%3B+0%5C%5C+0+%26amp%3B+1+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D)
Queremos encontrar valores reais para
de modo que

Primeiramente, vamos encontrar a matriz
:
![t \mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A}=t \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 \end{array} \right]- \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t & 0\\ 0 & t \end{array} \right]- \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & 0-1\\ 0-3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & -1\\ -3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ t \mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A}=t \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 \end{array} \right]- \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t & 0\\ 0 & t \end{array} \right]- \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 2 & 1\\ 3 & 4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & 0-1\\ 0-3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\ \\ =\left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & -1\\ -3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]\\ \\](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=t+%5Cmathbf%7BI%7D+-+%5Cmathbf%7BA%7D%3Dt+%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+1+%26amp%3B+0%5C%5C+0+%26amp%3B+1+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D-+%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+2+%26amp%3B+1%5C%5C+3+%26amp%3B+4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%3D%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+t+%26amp%3B+0%5C%5C+0+%26amp%3B+t+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D-+%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+2+%26amp%3B+1%5C%5C+3+%26amp%3B+4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%3D%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+t-2+%26amp%3B+0-1%5C%5C+0-3+%26amp%3B+t-4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%3D%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+t-2+%26amp%3B+-1%5C%5C+-3+%26amp%3B+t-4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%5C%5C+%5C%5C)
Calculando o determinante da matriz
e igualando a
:
![\det \left(t \mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A} \right)=0\\ \\ \det \left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & -1\\ -3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]=0\\ \\ \\ \left(t-2 \right )\left(t-4 \right )-\left(-3 \right )\cdot\left(-1 \right )=0\\ \\ t^{2}-4t-2t+8-3=0\\ \\ t^{2}-6t+5=0\\ \\ t^{2}-t-5t+5=0\\ \\ t\left(t-1 \right )-5\left(t-1 \right )=0\\ \\ \left(t-5 \right )\left(t-1 \right )=0\\ \\ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} t-5=0 & \text{ou}\\ t-1 =0 & \end{array}\\ \\ \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} t=5 & \text{ou}\\ t =1 & \end{array}\\ \\ \right. \det \left(t \mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A} \right)=0\\ \\ \det \left[ \begin{array}{cc} t-2 & -1\\ -3 & t-4 \end{array} \right]=0\\ \\ \\ \left(t-2 \right )\left(t-4 \right )-\left(-3 \right )\cdot\left(-1 \right )=0\\ \\ t^{2}-4t-2t+8-3=0\\ \\ t^{2}-6t+5=0\\ \\ t^{2}-t-5t+5=0\\ \\ t\left(t-1 \right )-5\left(t-1 \right )=0\\ \\ \left(t-5 \right )\left(t-1 \right )=0\\ \\ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} t-5=0 & \text{ou}\\ t-1 =0 & \end{array}\\ \\ \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} t=5 & \text{ou}\\ t =1 & \end{array}\\ \\ \right.](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdet+%5Cleft%28t+%5Cmathbf%7BI%7D+-+%5Cmathbf%7BA%7D+%5Cright%29%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cdet+%5Cleft%5B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7D+t-2+%26amp%3B+-1%5C%5C+-3+%26amp%3B+t-4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright%5D%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cleft%28t-2+%5Cright+%29%5Cleft%28t-4+%5Cright+%29-%5Cleft%28-3+%5Cright+%29%5Ccdot%5Cleft%28-1+%5Cright+%29%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+t%5E%7B2%7D-4t-2t%2B8-3%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+t%5E%7B2%7D-6t%2B5%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+t%5E%7B2%7D-t-5t%2B5%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+t%5Cleft%28t-1+%5Cright+%29-5%5Cleft%28t-1+%5Cright+%29%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cleft%28t-5+%5Cright+%29%5Cleft%28t-1+%5Cright+%29%3D0%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bll%7D+t-5%3D0+%26amp%3B+%5Ctext%7Bou%7D%5C%5C+t-1+%3D0+%26amp%3B+%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cright.+%5CRightarrow+%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bll%7D+t%3D5+%26amp%3B+%5Ctext%7Bou%7D%5C%5C+t+%3D1+%26amp%3B+%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5C%5C+%5C%5C+%5Cright.)
Logo os valores de
que satisfazem a igualdade
são
ou
.
Queremos encontrar valores reais para
Primeiramente, vamos encontrar a matriz
Calculando o determinante da matriz
Logo os valores de
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