Question

THE SABBATH: A DAY OF COLLECTIVE RESTBy Jonathan Sacks1The idea of a weekly day of collective rest was unprecedented in the ancient world. Months and years are natural ways of structuring time, based respectively on the appearance of the moon and the sun. But the seven day week corresponds to nothing in nature; nor does a day of rest.2The Greeks and Romans could not understand the sabbath at all. They wrote that the Jews kept it because they were lazy. The interesting fact is that within a relatively short space of time after making that judgement, Greece, and later Rome, declined and fell. Without institutionalised rest, civilisations, like individuals, eventually suffer from burnout.3Originally, the sabbath was conceived as a way of limiting slavery. On one day a week, masters could not make their servants work. For orthodox Jews today the sabbath is a liberation from other kinds of slavery. Imagine a day without texts, tweets, emails or phone calls, without television, computers or electronic games, a day without the pressures of a consumer society, without cars, traffic, planes, noise and pollution, a day dedicated to family, community, study and collective expressions of gratitude. It's when we make space for the things that are important but not urgent.4The significance of the sabbath is varied. It introduces into a culture in the most vivid way the idea of limits. We can't produce, consume and deplete our resources constantly with no constraints and no thought for future generations. A day without cars and planes would go a long way to cutting the carbon consumption that threatens the earth's ecology. A failure to understand the idea of limit has brought about environmental devastation almost everywhere Homo sapiens has set foot.5Moreover, the sabbath renews social capital. It bonds people into communities in way not structured by transactions of wealth or power. It is to time what parks are to space: something precious that we share on equal terms and that none of us could create or possess on our own.6Britain used to have its own sabbath every Sunday. Then it was deregulated and privatized. Holy days became holidays, sacred time became free time and rest became leisure. The assumption was that everyone would benefit because we could all decide for ourselves how to spend the day. This was, and remains, a fallacy.7Societies need civic time when we cultivate the relationships that constitute the third realm that is neither the market nor the state, and that in effect means sabbath, whether or not it carries religious connotations. A once-a-week sabbatical that is public, not private, rest would renew the social fabric, the families and communities that sustain our liberal democratic freedom today.Adapted from Prospect. August 2013.12V^FGV IGRADUAÇÃOI 14/12/2014| A31Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?A The sabbath, as we know it today, is inherently connected to the subdivision of months into weeks.B It would be more natural to have a monthly day of rest instead of a weekly day of rest.C A weekly day of rest is an ancient concept that has no meaning in the modern world.D Though unnatural, a seven-day week is the most practical way to divide up a year.E In the ancient world, using the appearance of the moon and the sun to structure time made it impossible to establish a sabbath day.

Answer 1

Olá! Bom vamos lá!

O texto vai nos falar um pouco sobre uma tradição judaica, que guarda o dia de sábado, mais precisamente, na qual antigamente faziam isso e conseguia liberar as pessoas que trabalhavam em casa, hoje, eles tem uma concepção diferente de 'escravidão' e aí no dia de descansos se livram das tecnologias.

No próprio texto temos as criticas de alguns povos, que pensam que os judeus só fazem isso porque são preguiçosos. Mas na realidade é uma tradição de longa data.

Nessa questão em específico ele nos pede a que o Sabbath está ligado e podemos dizer que está ligado a divisão de meses e semanas, por isso a alternativa correta é a letra A.

Espero ter ajudado em algo!