Question

ITA - adaptada) Leia o texto a seguir.



Our imaginary, hotter selves

Avatars might serve therapeutic purposes, helping those with social phobia become more confident.

By Sharon Begley



Anyone who has ever had a bad hair day, when looking like a latter-day Medusa makes you feel cranky and antisocial and plodding, can sympathize with the Oakland Raiders – and not because the players get helmet hair. The Raiders alternated between mostly black and mostly white uniforms, depending on whether they were playing at home or away. Knowing that appearance affects people’s mood and outlook, psychologists wondered whether uniform color influenced the Raiders’ aggressiveness.

Using data from the 1970s and 1980s, they found that the team racked up way more penalty yards – a measure of aggression – when they wore black than when they wore white, for infractions both minor (encroachment) and major (roughing the kicker). The pattern held even when the scientists took into account different conditions and styles of play at home and away. But while the 1988 finding has become a classic in psychology, the explanation remains controversial. Do referees, because of black’s cultural baggage, see black-clad players as meaner as and worse than those in, say, baby blue? Or does wearing black make players see themselves as tougher and meaner – and therefore cause them to play that way?

Jeremy Bailenson and Nick Yee of Stanford University had this and other classic studies in mind when they started wondering about the effect of being able to alter one’s appearance. They weren’t going to study wardrobe choices, however. Their quarry is avatars, digital representations of players in such games as Second Life. “Your physical appearance changes how people treat you,” says Bailenson. “But independent of that, when you perceive yourself in a certain way, you act differently.” He and Yee call it “the Proteus effect,” after the shape-changing Greek god. The effect of appearance on behavior, they find, carries over from the virtual world to the real one, with intriguing consequences. [...]



Available at: <http://www.newsweek.com>. Access on: Jun. 5th, 2010.



Assinale a opção em cuja frase o termo sublinhado apresenta função gramatical diferente das demais.

Escolha uma:
a. [...] when they started wondering about the effect of being able to alter [...].
b. Knowing that appearance affects people’s mood and outlook [...].
c. Using data from the 1970s and 1980s, they found that [...].
d. ... depending on whether they were playing at home or away.
e. But while the 1988 finding has become a classic in psychology [...].

Answer 1

Resposta correta: Letra E. 

Podemos chegar a essa conclusão ao analisarmos cada alternativa e o que cada uma apresenta de igual. Todos os termos sublinhados são verbos escritos em gerúndio, ou aparentam ser, porque a palavra "finding" não indica gerúndio porque não se trata do verbo "find" de encontrar, achar. Neste caso tem sentido de "descoberta" ou "achado".

Vamos traduzir cada palavra para ficar mais fácil a compreensão: a) Quando começaram a imaginar...

b)Sabendo que a aparência...

c)Usando a data das décadas de 1970 e 1980...

d)Dependendo se estavam....

e)Mas enquanto a descoberta de 1988....