Question

Cite as características de cada periodo da adolescência?

Answer 1

Inglês

Considering adolescence between 10 and 25 years old we can divide it into three phases: initial phase (between 10 and 15 years); Intermediate phase (between 15 and 18 years); Final phase (from upper secondary school to the entry of one or more adult roles).

Being the phase of adolescence marked by specific characteristics, the existence of various biological, cognitive, social and emotional changes that give rise to challenges, transitions, crises and needs that, with their overcoming / development of a progressive maturity, will give origin To the construction of the identity of the adolescent.

The problems that arise at this stage appear as forms of adaptation and, according to Erikson, to achieve a mature identity this should be based on crisis / exploitation and commitment.

As characteristics that allow us to describe an adolescent I refer as fundamental: egocentrism, immaturity, instability, confusion, awakening to new realities, strong search for autonomy, strong need for recognition and acceptance, idealism, utopia, enthusiasm, ingenuity, embryo for a new Identity, adoption of peer influences.

The main problem to solve in relation to adolescents, in my view, will be, first of all, to find a way to establish bridges of understanding.

Since this is a time when they close in their own world, individually and sometimes within their peer group, it will be difficult for parents and educators to find a way to be accepted and integrate into the conviviality and way of being of adolescents , Leading to the need to use intervention strategies that minimize withdrawal / isolation and can help them overcome this phase in a constructive way.

For this, I identify as a priority the creation of activities that minimize insecurity, encourage sharing and responsibility, as well as promote autonomy, and it is important to occupy them in healthy activities in which, at the same time, they can coexist and become aware and internalize- Taking into account the consequences and adverse health effects of making bad decisions while being distracted and involved.

A good way would be to promote among adolescents a discipline in which, through games of group dynamics and debates, whose themes to be addressed or how to lead them, on the one hand, would result in a dialogue between the playful in which anxiety would be minimized and To inform / help identify health risks and, on the other hand, to encourage autonomy and the capacity for intervention by helping each one to find his / her personal and group identity and prepare them for healthy citizenship. Topics such as drugs, alcohol, sexuality, diversity, interpersonal relationships, family, values, Internet use (hazards, maximization of use), social and life issues such as environmental problems, among others , Would certainly add value to the training of aware and responsible young people who are prepared to play responsible citizens in the future.