Question

1 - Before you read, answer the following questions.
a) Do you paint or draw? If so, which material(s) do you use? If not, why?
b) Do you have a piece of clothing that was irreversibly stained while you were doing an art project? Which material were you using?
2 - Read this abstract and answer the questions.
Colors to Dye for: Preparation of Natural Dyes
J. Chem. Educ., 1999, 76 (12), p 1688A
DOI: 10.1021/ed076p1688A
Publication Date (Web): December 1, 1999
Abstract
Use of dyes can be traced to earliest history. The coloring properties of materials such as berries and bark were most
likely discovered when clothing accidentally became stained with them. Dyes made from natural sources such as
plants, animals, and minerals tend to produce colors that wash out easily. With most natural dyes, a mordant can be
used to make the color more permanent. In the mordanting process the fiber is treated with a solution of a metal salt
(usually an aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, or tin salt). Then the fiber is dyed. Metal ions from the salt form strong
bonds with the fiber and also with the dye, thereby holding the dye to the fiber. […]
a) Which materials are natural sources of dye?
b) What can be used to make the color of natural dyes more permanent?
3 - Today, if we want to paint, draw, or dye clothes, we can buy what we need in a store or have the help of specialists. But how did cave people and Renaissance painters get the paint for their pieces?

Answer 1

Resposta:

1) Questão toda pessoal.

2)a) São feitas com partes de flores e plantas inteiras, cascas, raízes, frutas insetos, nozes, pétalas, folhas, terra, entre outros.

b) Um mordente, no processo a fibra é tratada com uma solução de um sal metálico (geralmente um sal de alumínio, cromo, cobre, ferro ou estanho).

3) Utilizavam terra colorida, sangue e pelos de animais para criar imagens de silhuetas de grandes feras em paredes e tetos de escuras e quase inacessiveis cavernas.

4)a) Porque ele é químico. Não.

b) Você pode usar frutas vermelhas, flores, cascas de árvores, folhas e nozes. Lembre-se de que a cor da flor ou do fruto pode não ser a cor resultante no tecido. Por exemplo, você pode obter uma casca e caroço de abacate rosa claro. Morangos também cria uma tonalidade rosa.

c) Durante os processos de fabricação e produção, as coisas podem literalmente esquentar multo. Usar o calor ou alta temperatura é uma prática comum em fábricas para a produção dos mais variados produtos. Contudo, temperaturas elevadas, podem afetar a aparência física do produto, em particular, a cor. Esta mudança de cor em função da mudança de temperatura é chamada de termocromismo e é problemática para aplicações em plásticos, revestimentos e tecidos durante Inspeções de controle de qualidade.

d) Dessa forma, por meio do uso de corantes naturais é possível atingir uma Produção mais Limpa (PmaisL), a qual visa reduzir os impactos gerados ao meio ambiente no ciclo de vida dos produtos (CEBDS, 2020) .

Answer 2

Resposta:

1- A) Yes, I usually draw with a pencil and sometimes I draw on the computer

B) Yes, I was using fabric pait

2- A) They are made with parts of flowers and whole plants, bark, roots, fruit, insects, nuts, petals, leaves, earth, among others.

B) A mordant, in the process the fiber is treated with a solution of a metallic salt (usually an aluminum, chromium, copper, iron or tin salt).

3- They used colored earth, blood and animal hair to create images of silhouettes of large beasts on the walls and ceilings of dark and almost inaccessible caves.

4- A) Because he is a chemist. Not.

B) You can use berries, flowers, tree bark, leaves and nuts. Keep in mind that the color of the flower or fruit may not be the resulting color on the fabric. For example, you can get a pale pink avocado peel and pit. Strawberries also create a pink hue.

C) During manufacturing and production processes, things can literally heat up. Using heat or high temperature is a common practice in factories to produce a wide range of products. However, high temperatures can affect the physical appearance of the product, in particular the color. This color change as a function of temperature change is called thermochromism and is problematic for applications in plastics, coatings and fabrics during Quality Control Inspections.

D) In this way, through the use of natural dyes it is possible to achieve a Cleaner Production (PmaisL), which aims to reduce the impacts generated on the environment in the life cycle of products (CEBDS, 2020)

Explicação: É isso, espero ter ajudado